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After LDP session establishment, labels are distributed from the Tail-End router to the Head-End router for each prefix. This process occurs at the opposite direction of the data plane. At 
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LDP (Label Distribution Protocol) is one of the two label exchange protocols of MPLS. The other is RSVP (Resource Reservation Protocol). And there is also one more, Cisco specific protocol, 
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As you know after LTE, LTE-A (LTE Advanced) is the next step of mobile technology. In this article, I will try to explain this LTE-A (LTE Advanced) features basically.Let’s start 
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As you know mobile telecommunication has evolved for years. With this evolution, new network elements were included or the existing ones were upgraded. Startig with 2G GSM technology, the evolution 
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Not So Stubby Area (NSSA) Not So Stubby Area name is the most funny name in network world, I think : ) Funny and useful. With NSSA, the External LSAs 
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